Ibisch et al. 2001 (Article) Bromeliaceae, diversity

Towards an understanding of diversity patterns and conservation requirements of Bolivian Bromeliaceae

Author(s):—P.L. Ibisch, C. C. Nowicki & R. Vásquez

Publication:—Journal of the Bromeliad Society 51(3): 99-113. (2001)

Abstract:—Are the Bolivian bromeliads candidates for ‘Noah’s ark’? What kind of conservation action do they require? Can answers to these questions be derived from the preliminarily known diversity patterns? In this paper we give an idea of some important issues that arise from first data base consultations. Currently, 296 species of bromeliads are known to occur in Bolivia. The Bolivian bromeliad diversity is a product of explosive speciation in some genera and of Bolivia occupying a location where many biomes meet causing high ecological and biogeographical diversity. 49% of all species are epiphytes, and 22.2% of these are endemics. Regarding terrestrial species, endemism percentage is much higher at 67.8%. The Dry inter-Andean valleys and Humid Yungas forests are almost equal in terms of total species diversity. With regard to endemism, the dry valleys are much tnore important. Highest species diversity is observed in the mid- elevations. Further spatial diversity and endernism patterns are shown and discussed. It is indicated that none of the Bolivian bromeliads must be regarded as either endangered or vulnerable. Highest risks exist for endemic montane rain forest species. In the Andean Yungas rain forests, which occupies less than 5% of the Bolivian territory, about 30% of the country’s bromeliad species are concentrated. Fortunately, more than 35% of this area is in protected areas. Finally, recommendations for bromeliad conservation are given.